Final answer:
Rushdie defines 'commonwealth literature' as English writing not created by native English speakers, European writers, or American authors. The correct categorization excludes these groups from being commonwealth writers.
Step-by-step explanation:
Salman Rushdie defines "commonwealth literature" as writing in English by individuals who do not fall into one of three specific categories. According to Rushdie, these categories are not what constitutes commonwealth writers. The correct answer to the question regarding the three categories of people who write in English but are not considered commonwealth writers is: d) Native English speakers, European writers, and American authors.
Commonwealth literature typically refers to writing in English from countries that were once part of the British Empire, excluding Britain itself. However, as the literary landscape evolves, there is a broader recognition of multilingual authors and the impact of postcolonial perspectives in literature.