Final answer:
A caricature is the description of a person using exaggeration and oversimplification to create humor or criticism, unlike a simile, metaphor, or motif which are different literary devices.
Step-by-step explanation:
A description of a person using exaggeration of some characteristics and oversimplification of others is referred to as a caricature. This term is often used in satire and political cartoons to emphasize certain traits for comedic or critical effect. For instance, a cartoonist may exaggerate the size of a politician's nose to comment on their perceived dishonesty.
This technique goes beyond literal representation to convey a more potent message about the subject.
In contrast to a caricature, a simile is a figure of speech that draws a comparison between two different things by using the words 'like' or 'as'. A metaphor also draws a comparison but does so by stating that one thing is another. A motif is different; it is a recurring theme, object, or idea in literature that holds a significant symbolic meaning. Unlike these other terms, a caricature specifically involves exaggeration for the sake of humor or criticism.