Final answer:
The dispute over the leader of Jerusalem has fueled tensions, leading to uprisings, conflicts, and shifts in control, deeply affecting the region's history and the relations between Jews, Christians, and Muslims.
Step-by-step explanation:
The dispute over the leader of Jerusalem has resulted in longstanding tensions and uprisings, impacting the region's religious, political, and social fabric throughout history.
After the death of Muhammad, internal conflicts arose with some Arab tribes renouncing their allegiance and questioning whether the coalition formed by Muhammad was meant to last.
Additionally, the issues of taxation, forced emperor worship, and general maltreatment led to significant revolts between Jewish populations and the Roman Empire, notably in 66 CE and 132-136 CE, resulting in the destruction of the Second Temple and the scattering of the Jewish people.
Later, the Crusades and the negotiations between Frederick II and the Muslim rulers further complicated the control and governance of Jerusalem.
These events all evolved around the core subject of who would rule Jerusalem, whether it was under Islamic, Christian, or Jewish authority, and often led to significant changes in the geopolitical and religious landscapes of the region.