Final answer:
A 'topic' is a broad area of discussion with potential for debate, while a 'focused subject' refers to a specific segment of that larger topic. A topic could relate to the general study of political policies, while a focused subject might analyze a particular aspect of those policies in detail.
Step-by-step explanation:
While a topic is a broad discussion area, a focused subject is one small segment of it. Topics are general subjects or content areas that are open to examination and often involve some controversy or debate.
On the other hand, a focused subject narrows down this broad field to specific aspects that can be addressed in more detail, such as examining an individual policy issue within the larger realm of political science.
Topics can address large groups and societies or provide a survey of content, while focused subjects require narrowing and focusing to avoid being too broad for a single paper or study.