Final answer:
The psychometric approach to intelligence, which encompasses Sternberg's triarchic theory, measures cognitive abilities like analytical intelligence used in problem solving and data analysis.
Step-by-step explanation:
Your psychology professor is referring to the psychometric approach to intelligence. This approach focuses on the measurement of cognitive abilities and mental functions that comprise an individual's intelligence. The triarchic theory of intelligence, developed by Robert Sternberg, is an example of a psychometric approach that proposes three facets of intelligence: practical, creative, and analytical intelligence. Analytical intelligence is particularly related to academic problem solving and computations and is involved when you analyze, evaluate, and solve complex cognitive tasks. When examining data to look for trends, the type of intelligence you are using most is analytical intelligence.
The approach to intelligence that measures the cognitive factors that make up intelligence, as mentioned by your psych professor, is the psychometric approach. This approach focuses on using standardized tests to measure intelligence and assess cognitive abilities. In contrast, the triarchic theory of intelligence, developed by Robert Sternberg, proposes that intelligence is comprised of three parts: practical, creative, and analytical intelligence.