Final answer:
The Binet-Simon test measures intelligence primarily through cognitive abilities, focusing on mental capacities like problem-solving and abstract thinking. Fluid intelligence involves problem-solving and adaptability, while analytical intelligence is used when discerning patterns in data. The test's accuracy and what it should measure continue to be debated.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the Binet-Simon test, intelligence is measured by a. Cognitive abilities. This test, one of the earliest forms of intelligence assessment developed by French psychologist Alfred Binet, focused on key areas of mental capacity that related to academic abilities. These areas included logic, an understanding of the world, the ability to think abstractly, and the capacity to store and retrieve information.
Fluid intelligence, characterized by d. being able to see complex relationships and solve problems, is quickly illustrated in the types of questions Binet's test might ask. It is not about recalling information, creating new products, or understanding different cultures, but rather about problem-solving and adaptability in novel situations.
When examining data to look for trends, which is frequently done in various academic and professional fields, you are primarily using b. analytical intelligence. This type of intelligence involves the capacity to evaluate, compare, and contrast information to discern patterns and solve problems. It's one of the key components that intelligence tests, including more modern ones, attempt to measure.
Overall, the utility of the Binet-Simon test and other intelligence assessments is to gauge aspects of mental functioning that are believed to be indicative of an individual's general intelligence. The debate around what intelligence tests should measure and the validity of such measures remains an ongoing discussion in psychological sciences.