Final answer:
The anxiety disorder characterized by sudden and unexpected emotional attacks of overwhelming terror is known as Panic Disorder. It differs from other anxiety disorders like GAD because of its acute panic attacks, which can occur at any time and may lead to significant distress and functional impairment in an individual's life.
Step-by-step explanation:
The anxiety disorder in which an individual experiences numerous emotional attacks characterized by overwhelming terror that occur suddenly and unexpectedly is known as Panic Disorder. This condition differs from other anxiety disorders due to the intensity and sudden onset of panic attacks. While Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) involves a more persistent and broad worry, Panic Disorder is characterized by abrupt surges of fear or discomfort that reach a peak within minutes. Such panic attacks can happen unexpectedly or be triggered by certain situations, though often there is no obvious cause. People with Panic Disorder may live in fear of the next attack, which can further interfere with daily activities and lead to the avoidance of places where past attacks have occurred.
According to studies, such as those conducted by Kessler et al. (2006) and discussed in archival literature, panic attacks and Panic Disorder have a significant prevalence in the population, showing that it is a relatively common mental health concern. Unlike night terror sleep disorders that generally occur during sleep, Panic Disorder attacks can happen anytime, including while awake. Understanding this disorder is crucial because it can have a substantial impact on an individual's life and is often associated with other conditions like agoraphobia.