Final answer:
In operant conditioning, behavior is shaped by altering the likelihood of a response through reinforcement or punishment, which is different from classical conditioning that associates an involuntary behavior with a new stimulus.
Step-by-step explanation:
In operant conditioning, new behavior patterns are molded by changing the probability that various responses will be made. This form of learning differs from classical conditioning, which involves associating an involuntary behavior with a new stimulus.
Conditioned behavior in operant conditioning is adjusted by the consequences that follow the behavior. This can increase or decrease the likelihood of the behavior occurring again. An example of this would be training a dog to sit by rewarding it with a treat, leading to an increase in the dog's sitting behavior when asked.
Classical conditioning, on the other hand, is when a natural response to a stimulus becomes associated with a different, previously neutral stimulus. A classic example would be Pavlov's dogs, which began to salivate in response to the ringing of a bell after the sound was repeatedly paired with the presentation of food.