Final answer:
The question revolves around IMC and message effectiveness, focusing on how businesses measure the impact of their marketing strategies. Both qualitative and quantitative research methods are used to gather data, analyze consumer behavior, and gauge the effectiveness of communication methods like social media platforms, advertising, and public opinion polling.
Step-by-step explanation:
The subject of this question is grounded in the field of Integrated Marketing Communications (IMC) and message effectiveness, which pertains to how a business can effectively communicate and persuade its target audience. The options provided in the question refer to different metrics used to measure the effectiveness of marketing strategies, both online and offline.
For example, if a marketing manager at an electronics chain store wants to understand the age demographics of its customers, they might collect quantitative data through questionnaires. Alternately, to understand voter reactions to a political debate, a political party might conduct phone interviews, which is a qualitative research method.