Final answer:
Concurrency is the concept of running multiple sequences of operations in overlapping time periods, distinct from parallelism, time slicing, and synchronization.
Step-by-step explanation:
Concurrency is when multiple sequences of operations are run in overlapping periods of time. This concept is key in computer science, particularly when discussing the execution of multiple processes or threads. Concurrency enables a computer to perform multiple tasks almost simultaneously by managing the access to shared resources and coordination between tasks.
This is distinct from parallelism, where tasks are literally run at the same time on different processors or cores, and time slicing, which refers to the practice of switching between tasks on a single processor to give the appearance of simultaneous execution. Synchronization is a related concept, which deals with the coordination of concurrent tasks to ensure correct sequencing where necessary.