Final answer:
The cause of schizophrenia is best summarized by the interaction between inherited potential and environmental stress that leads to disruptive changes in brain chemistry, supported by research showing higher risks for those with genetic predispositions in disturbed environments.
Step-by-step explanation:
The best summary statement concerning the cause of schizophrenia, in view of current research, is d. Inherited potential and environmental stress combine to bring about disruptive changes in brain chemistry. This statement is supported by evidence indicating that adoptees with high genetic risk for schizophrenia are most likely to develop the disorder if they are raised in disturbed home environments. This suggests that both genetic vulnerability and environmental stress are necessary for the onset of schizophrenia.
Current understanding of schizophrenia involves the malfunction of neurotransmitter systems, including dopaminergic neurons and glutamate signaling. While antipsychotic medications can treat the symptoms by blocking dopamine receptors and decreasing dopamine neurotransmission, there is no cure, indicating the complexity of the disorder's etiology, which involves an interplay of genetic and environmental factors.