Final answer:
The word 'venerable' refers to being worthy of respect, often due to wisdom or age, making 'a) Respected' the best definition. It involves reverence for elderly individuals who are valued for their wisdom and contributions to society and culture.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct word that most nearly defines the underlined word 'venerable' in the sentence 'The woman was considered to be venerable by those who knew her.' is a) Respected. The term 'venerable' implies that a person is accorded a great deal of respect because of their age, wisdom, or character.
Especially in early societies and some cultures today, the elderly are regarded with reverence and viewed as keepers of knowledge and tradition. This esteem is not solely based on being old but also on the wisdom and experience that often accompany age. This respect is exemplified in customs where elders are honored and in social structures like gerontocracy, where the oldest members of the community hold power.
It is important to acknowledge that while the term venerable can imply that someone is elderly, the primary focus of its meaning is on the respect and honor that is given to individuals who have earned it, often through age and life experience. This is different from simply being elderly.
Throughout history, there have been shifts in the perception and treatment of the elderly. While some older individuals may face negative stereotypes or mistreatment, many cultures continue to uphold a high level of respect for their elder population. This respect is based not only on age but also on the wise counsel and knowledge they provide, as well as their role in preserving cultural traditions and languages.
Therefore answer is a) Respected.