Final answer:
Message Passing is the correct term for a system where messages are sent to a shared data structure with queues that can temporarily hold messages until the receiver retrieves them.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the case of message systems where messages are not sent directly from sender to receiver but are rather sent to a shared data structure consisting of queues that can temporarily hold messages, the correct term is Message Passing (Option A). Unlike direct communication methods, this approach allows for asynchronous communication, where a message can be left in the queue until the receiver is able to retrieve it. This method is particularly useful in distributed systems where components might not be continuously running or are running on different schedules.