Final answer:
The aqueducts in ancient Rome supplied approximately 50,000,000 gallons of water per day at their peak, showcasing the advanced engineering and the scale of infrastructure needed to maintain the supply for the Roman populace.
Step-by-step explanation:
At their peak, the aqueducts in ancient Rome were engineering masterpieces capable of supplying the city with an impressive amount of water. When considering the options provided (50, 500, 5,000, and 50,000,000 gallons/day), the closest accurate estimate for the peak water supply in gallons per day would be 50,000,000. This amount provided potable water to over one million residents of Rome and supported the functioning of public baths, sewers, and the overall sanitation needs of the city.
The Roman aqueducts, including landmarks like the Pont du Gard, were part of a complex system encompassing up to 300 miles in total length. With their sophisticated design using tunnels, ground channels, and arched bridges, these aqueducts were vital in securing a continuous and clean water supply for the Roman population. Boasting grand bath-gymnasium complexes and contributing to improved sanitary conditions, the aqueducts highlighted the intersection of engineering and lifestyle in ancient Rome.