Final answer:
Small group models provide a connecting point for strong internal cohesiveness, protection through group monitoring and reward/punishment mechanisms, and growth by fostering personal relationships and common goals.
Step-by-step explanation:
The small group model provides three elements for the members of the group that facilitate their functioning and objectives. Firstly, the connecting point is the underlying element of strong internal cohesiveness and a sense of connection amongst group members, which helps maintain the integrity of the group and ensure regular and meaningful interactions. Secondly, the aspect of protection is inherent to small groups as they have the power to monitor for infractions and the ability to provide suitable rewards and enforce punishments, helping avoid collective action problems. Thirdly, growth within small groups is facilitated by the strength of personal relationships and the ease of sharing and moving towards common goals, though achieving large goals can be challenging when they compete with larger groups.
In reference to Georg Simmel's writing on dyads and triads, small groups such as a dyad can end if a member withdraws, unlike a triad which continues to exist and illustrates how different dynamics in small groups can influence their stability. Additionally, leadership styles, whether democratic, authoritarian, or laissez-faire, can also shape the evolution of small groups. The strong sense of connection and the potentially higher personal stake each member has in the small group’s success can drive the group towards achieving their objectives while dealing with the inherent challenges of being a smaller entity.