Question

Which ancient cultures inspired artists, philosophers, and politicians during the Renaissance?

a) Greek and Roman
b) Egyptian and Mesopotamian
c) Chinese and Indian
d) Mayan and Aztec

Answer 1

Greek and Roman cultures deeply influenced the Renaissance, a period of 'rebirth' beginning in the 1300s in Italy, which led to a resurgence in classical learning and adoption of ancient philosophies, art, and political concepts.

Step-by-step explanation:

The ancient cultures that inspired artists, philosophers, and politicians during the Renaissance were the Greek and Roman cultures. This period, which signifies a "rebirth," began in the 1300s in the city-states of northern Italy that had found prosperity through trade. The advent of the Renaissance led scholars to seek wisdom and a model of living from the works of Western antiquity, specifically the writings of ancient Greeks and Romans.

The Greek world, notably during the Classical period from 500-323 BCE, produced an array of enduring literature and art, despite the backdrop of constant warfare. Greek philosophy, which included the works of Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle, revolutionized Western thought by providing the foundations of modern philosophy and political science. Roman culture, having adopted and adapted many Greek ideas, further spread this classical knowledge throughout their empire.

Greek and Roman contributions to art and thought were multifaceted. The terms 'democracy' and 'republic' stem from the ancient Greeks. The Renaissance saw a resurgence in the appreciation of these ancient societies, influencing everything from architecture to the establishment of modern political systems.