Final answer:
The major cause for 'God's disappearance' from religion, as discussed in 'The Respectable Burgher,' is attributed to scientific discoveries and skepticism, as well as Enlightenment era commentary.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to "The Respectable Burgher," the major cause for "God's disappearance" from religion is a) Scientific discoveries and skepticism. This idea aligns with the thoughts of prominent thinkers such as Nietzsche and Dostoevsky, who suggested that in a post-religious society, "all is permitted" due to the absence of a divine moral authority.
The era of Enlightenment influenced this transition, with religious commentary responding to centuries of conflict in Europe and advocating for the separation of church and state to preserve peace and morality without the direct influence of organized religion. Historical sociologists like Durkheim, Weber, and Marx, along with Freud, anticipated this secularization trend, asserting that modernization would diminish religion's role in society.