Final answer:
Thomas Huxley was a prominent advocate for Charles Darwin's theory of evolution, not covered by the given answer options. If 'evolution' were a choice, it would be the correct one. The Scopes Monkey Trial centered on the prohibition of teaching Darwinism, highlighting the conflict between science and religion.
Step-by-step explanation:
Aldous Huxley was the grandson of Thomas Huxley, the champion of evolution. Therefore, the correct answer is not listed as an option amongst the provided choices (A. Socialism, B. Atheism, C. Conservatism, D. Environmentalism). Thomas Huxley was known for being a prominent advocate for Charles Darwin's theory of evolution, earning him the nickname 'Darwin's Bulldog'. He was a biologist and an early advocate of the scientific method and the advancement of scientific education, which conflicted with some religious views of the time. Therefore, if one of the options was 'evolution', that would be the correct choice.
The Scopes Monkey Trial, mentioned in part of the information provided, revolved around a law that banned teaching about Darwinism. This trial is a famous example of the clash between scientific progress, in this case, evolution theory, and religious teachings in the early 20th century.