Final answer:
The central doctrine of Christianity that typical Western orthodoxy and typical Western politics depend on is Religion, Trinity.
Step-by-step explanation:
The central doctrine of Christianity that typical Western orthodoxy and typical Western politics depend on is Religion, Trinity. The Trinity is the belief in the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit as separate but unified entities within the Godhead. This doctrine is central to Christian theology and shapes the beliefs and practices of Christians in the Western world.