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Joyce rebelled against the ______________ beliefs of middle-class society.

A. Traditional
B. Modern
C. Socialist
D. Anarchist

1 Answer

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Final answer:

Joyce rebelled against the traditional beliefs of middle-class society by opposing state regulations and collectivism, aligning with anarchist principles that sought to dismantle top-down control and traditional societal structures for a free collective society.

Step-by-step explanation:

Joyce rebelled against the traditional beliefs of middle-class society. Her views oppose state regulations as a form of collective interference, specifically opposing socialism and collectivism, aligning more closely with anarchist principles which reject all forms of top-down control. The statement provided points towards her resistance to the Marxist ideal of taking from each according to ability and providing to each according to need, which is a traditional socialist viewpoint.

The historical context of anarchism, as elucidated in the provided material, underscores a disdain for the state and traditional family structures typical of middle-class society. Anarchist leaders like Mikhail Bakunin were known for advocating the overthrow of traditional societal structures, aiming to replace them with free collectives that were built on the natural socially cooperative nature of humanity. This perspective was shared by anarchists who were critical of the industrial middle class, and who sought total societal transformation beyond the incremental reforms that some socialist factions aimed for.

In the context of counterculture movements, these perspectives often materialized as challenges to existing norms, such as the rigid structures of the middle-class lifestyle, further emphasizing the rejection of traditional middle-class societal norms.