Final answer:
Ransomware is malware that denies access to personal information and demands payment for its release. Hackers use various methods to install ransomware, and prevention measures include being cautious and maintaining robust cybersecurity practices.
Step-by-step explanation:
Malware threats that restrict access to personal information until the system owner pays the criminal to release it are called ransomware. These malicious software variants are a growing concern globally, as hackers develop new techniques to infiltrate systems. Hackers employ various strategies, such as breaking into websites, creating deceptive links, or tricking people into providing personal information. Once the ransomware is installed, it typically encrypts the user's files, making them inaccessible, and demands a ransom to provide the decryption key.
Ransomware attacks can be devastating, and prevention is crucial. Ensuring reliable backups, avoiding suspicious links, using updated antivirus software, and being cautious with personal information are some of the best defenses against these sophisticated cyber threats.