Final answer:
France and Italy have a comprehensive secondary school exit exam called the Baccalauréat and Esame di Stato, respectively. So, the correct answer is option d.
Step-by-step explanation:
The countries that have a comprehensive secondary school exit exam are France and Italy. In both countries, students are required to pass an exam at the end of their secondary education in order to receive their diploma. This exam is known as the Baccalauréat in France and the Esame di Stato in Italy.
These exams test students' knowledge in various subjects and are an important factor in determining their future educational and career opportunities. So, the correct answer is option d.