Question

Which of the following is NOT one of the basic temperament types identified by Chess and Thomas?

a) Easy
b) Difficult
c) Slow-to-warm-up
d) Adaptive

Answer 1

Adaptive is not one of the basic temperament types identified by Chess and Thomas, which instead include Easy, Difficult, and Slow to warm up temperaments that appear early in life.

Step-by-step explanation:

The basic temperament types identified by Chess and Thomas are not inclusive of 'Adaptive' as a type. Instead, they identified three primary temperament types in their research:

• Easy temperament, where the child is generally calm, happy, and regular in sleeping and eating habits.
• Difficult temperament, where the child is often fussy, fearful of new situations, and has irregular sleeping and eating patterns.
• Slow to warm up temperament, where the child is typically inactive and moody but can show a moderate reaction to new situations after some time.

These temperaments were noted to be evident early in life, suggesting a strong biological basis, although environmental influences and maturation can also shape the expression of these temperaments.