Final answer:
Albert Bandura evolved from a behaviorist perspective to a social-cognitive approach, thus the transition described is from a psychoanalyst to a cognitive psychologist, which saw him integrate cognitive processes into theories of learning and personality development.
Step-by-step explanation:
Albert Bandura moved from being a behaviorist to incorporating cognitive processes into his understanding of psychology, becoming known for his social-cognitive theory. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is (b) Psychoanalyst to a cognitive psychologist, reflecting his shift to exploring the interaction between behavioral and cognitive aspects in the learning process and development of personality.
Bandura's theory emphasized concepts such as observational learning, reciprocal determinism, and self-efficacy, which challenged the behaviorist perspective that the environment solely shapes behavior. His work contributed significantly to what later became known as the cognitive revolution, advancing psychology as a science that also considers internal mental processes alongside observable behaviors.