Final answer:
The approach of solving 'down' clues before 'across' clues in a crossword puzzle exemplifies convergent thinking, where a systematic method is applied to arrive at a solution, differing from confirmation bias, which is not a problem-solving strategy.
Step-by-step explanation:
The strategy of solving a crossword puzzle by focusing on the "down" items before the "across" items is an example of convergent thinking. This problem-solving approach involves methodically following a set method or set of rules to find a solution, which in this case is solving the puzzle down first, then across. It contrasts with divergent thinking, which would involve approaching the puzzle in a more spontaneous and flexible manner.
Convergent thinking is about providing correct or established answers to problems and often involves following a particular strategy to arrive at a solution. This is different from the confirmation bias, which is a faulty heuristic in which one focuses on information that confirms existing beliefs. Thus, the methodical strategy used in the crossword puzzle is aimed at narrowing down the correct solutions rather than supporting a preconceived idea or belief.
In summary, methodically solving a crossword puzzle by addressing the "down" clues first represents a structured and targeted approach to problem-solving, aligning with the principles of convergent thinking. It's a way to apply a specific problem-solving framework, akin to an algorithm, but is not associated with seeking evidence to confirm one's own hypotheses, which would be confirmation bias.