Final answer:
The true statements about the arrangements of particles in the three main phases of matter are: a) solids are the most tightly packed, b) liquids are closely packed but without a regular arrangement, and c) gases are loosely packed and have no regular arrangement. The statements that are true: a, b, and c.
Step-by-step explanation:
The three main phases of matter included in the question are solids, liquids, and gases. Understanding the true statements among the options:
a. Solids have the most tightly packed particle arrangement.
This is true; the atoms in solids are in close contact and are held in place by forces between them, allowing only vibration but not a change in relative position.
b. Liquids are closely packed but with no regular arrangement.
This is also true; liquids have a definite volume and the particles are in contact, but they move with respect to each other, allowing them to take the shape of their container.
c. Gases are loosely packed and have no regular arrangement.
True again; gas particles are separated by relatively large distances and move to fill their container, having neither definite shape nor volume.
d. Solids are made of macroscopic particles while the others are microscopic.
This is false; all states of matter are made up of microscopic particles such as atoms or molecules.
e. There is no regular pattern in solids.
This statement is false because solids do have a regular pattern of particle arrangement, which gives them their definite shape and volume.
Therefore, the true statements concerning the arrangements of particles in the three main phases of matter are a, b, and c.