Final answer:
Ferns and humans utilize different processes for zygote formation, with ferns having a life cycle that includes an alternation of generations, compared to internal fertilization in humans.
Step-by-step explanation:
Ferns and humans utilize different processes for zygote formation, so the correct answer is a) Ferns and humans utilize different processes for zygote formation. In ferns, the life cycle includes an alternation of generations, where the diploid sporophyte is dominant, and produces spores that develop into a haploid gametophyte.
The gametophytes produce gametes, and the zygote forms when a sperm swimmers to an egg within the archegonium.
In contrast, human zygotes form through the fertilization of an egg by a sperm within the female reproductive system, following which the zygote undergoes developmental processes that lead to the formation of an embryo.