Final answer:
The IEEE standards that natively include PortFast, UplinkFast, and BackboneFast are 802.1D and 802.1w. PortFast allows immediate transition to forwarding state, UplinkFast provides quick convergence after a link failure, and both are encompassed by the RSTP enhancements in 802.1w.
Step-by-step explanation:
The standards that natively include PortFast, UplinkFast, and BackboneFast are 802.1D and 802.1w. Specifically, 802.1D is the original IEEE standard for the Spanning Tree Protocol, which provides loop prevention in bridged and switched networks. The Spanning Tree Protocol has been enhanced with several features designed to improve network convergence times, which 802.1w (Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol or RSTP) includes naturally. PortFast is a technology that allows ports to immediately transition to the forwarding state, bypassing the traditional listening and learning states. UplinkFast is a Cisco proprietary feature that allows for quick convergence after a direct link failure, and BackboneFast is another Cisco feature that accelerates the convergence after an indirect link failure.
The correct answer to the question is option b: 802.1D & 802.1w, which includes these protocols natively. While these features are associated with Cisco proprietary implementations, Cisco's Spanning Tree enhancements align closely with the RSTP standard.