Final answer:
Yes, an inner class can execute methods defined in the outer class because it has access to the outer class's members, which is characteristic of object-oriented programming languages like Java.
Step-by-step explanation:
When an inner class calls a method that is defined in its enclosing outer class, the method will indeed execute. This is because an inner class is associated with an instance of the outer class, and it can access the outer class's members, including private ones. Furthermore, this is a fundamental aspect of how inner classes work in object-oriented programming, specifically in languages such as Java. Inner classes have access to the methods and fields of the outer class, making it convenient for organizing related classes and handling events.