Final answer:
The types of cones in human eyes relate to peak sensitivity to certain wavelengths of light, not the colors themselves.
Step-by-step explanation:
The student's question about cone types refers to the cells in the human retina that are responsible for color vision. Normal-sighted individuals have three different types of cones centered around red, green, and blue wavelengths, which correspond to the trichromatic theory of color vision.
Thus, the colors red, blue, green, and yellow as options are not types of cones but rather colors that cones help us perceive.
The actual types of cones are differentiated by their peak sensitivity to certain wavelengths of light rather than colors they represent. In terms of color perception, dogs have a hard time distinguishing red from green because they possess only two types of cone cells, sensitive to blue and yellow wavelengths.
As for color representation, the outcome where an object wouldn't be observed as yellow would be if yellow light shines on a black paper, since black absorbs all colors and does not reflect any for the cones to detect.