Question

Evidence for descent with modification, direct observation of change: the field mustard plant is an example of:

A) Horizontal gene transfer.
B) Punctuated equilibrium.
C) Gradualism.
D) Adaptive radiation.

Answer 1

The field mustard plant provides evidence for descent with modification through direct observation of change. This observation aligns with the concept of punctuated equilibrium in evolutionary biology.

Step-by-step explanation:

Evidence for Descent with Modification: Punctuated Equilibrium

The field mustard plant provides evidence for descent with modification through direct observation of change. This observation aligns with the concept of punctuated equilibrium in evolutionary biology. Punctuated equilibrium suggests that species change rapidly in short bursts, followed by long periods of stasis (little change). In the case of the field mustard plant, the fossil record would show new forms that persist essentially unchanged through several geological layers, then disappear just as a new form appears.

Supporting Information:

1. The fossil record better supports the model of punctuated equilibrium, which suggests rapid changes due to environmental factors.
2. Observations from various scientific disciplines have led to the conclusion that evolution is neither linear nor progressive but rather a branching process.
3. In both the gradual and punctuated models of evolution, speciation takes the form of branches through time rather than a linear progression..