Final answer:
The Upper Paleolithic period featured cave paintings and figurines as forms of early art. These forms of art served as a means of enhanced communication, cultural identity, increased mating success, and social cohesion.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Upper Paleolithic period is associated with various forms of early art, including cave paintings and figurines, which are examples of permanently located works found on cave walls. These cave paintings depict a variety of subjects, such as geometric motifs, flora and fauna, and occasionally human figures. Additionally, Paleolithic sculptures found in caves consist mainly of figurines, beads, and some decorative utilitarian objects made from stone, bone, ivory, clay, and wood.
As for the main ideas and hypotheses regarding the advantages associated with the evolution of art in humans, one proposed hypothesis is enhanced communication and cultural identity. It is believed that early art allowed Paleolithic peoples to visually express their ideas, beliefs, and cultural identities, thereby strengthening communication within their communities. Another hypothesis is increased mating success and social cohesion. Some scientists suggest that the creation and display of art may have played a role in attracting mates and forming social bonds, ultimately contributing to the survival and success of early human populations.