Final answer:
The energy for the peptidyl transferase reaction comes from the high-energy bond of the charged tRNA, created at an earlier stage through ATP hydrolysis during tRNA charging. Option c is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
The energy for the peptidyl transferase reaction during protein synthesis is provided by the high-energy bond linking an amino acid to its tRNA, not by GTP or ATP hydrolysis directly during this step of the process. The tRNA is previously charged in an ATP-dependent manner, but the energy for the formation of the peptide bond comes from the charged tRNA itself.
The tRNA charging involves ATP hydrolysis to attach an amino acid to tRNA, creating this high-energy bond. During the elongation phase of translation, GTP hydrolysis is used for the binding and translocation of tRNA in the ribosome but not for the peptidyl transferase reaction itself.