Question

Ribosome stalls within ORF (could've encountered a strong secondary structure). Prevents sequestration of TFs by detecting stalled ribosomes & endonucleolytically cleaving mRNA near the stall site. Dom34 and Hbs1 are what initiate endonucleolytic cleavage, which releases ribosome and gives two mRNA, which are then endonucleolytically cleaved by exosome and Xrn1.

A) Nonsense-Mediated Decay (NMD)
B) Exosomal Decay
C) Internal Decay
D) ARE-Mediated Decay

Answer 1

The process described, where Dom34 and Hbs1 initiate endonucleolytic cleavage to rescue stalled ribosomes and mRNA is degraded, is known as No-Go Decay (NGD), not Nonsense-Mediated Decay (NMD), Exosomal Decay, or ARE-Mediated Decay. OPTION D IS ANSWER

Step-by-step explanation:

When it comes to the molecular processes occurring within a cell, it is imperative to understand the mechanisms of ribosome function and the quality control systems in place to manage errors during translation. In the scenario where a ribosome stalls during translation due to a strong secondary structure in the mRNA

The cell utilizes specific pathways to degrade the aberrant mRNA and recycle the components. Dom34 and Hbs1, as mentioned in the question, are part of the No-Go Decay (NGD) pathway—not Nonsense-Mediated Decay (NMD)

Exosomal Decay or ARE-Mediated Decay. NGD is a surveillance mechanism that detects the stalled ribosomes and initiates endonucleolytic cleavage near the stall site. This cleavage subsequently facilitates the release of the ribosome and the degradation of the mRNA fragments by the exosome and Xrn1.

Translation termination in eukaryotes occurs when a stop codon is encountered, and a release factor binds to the A site of the ribosome, prompting the newly synthesized protein to be released. Similarly, the identification and resolution of a stalled ribosome are crucial for maintaining the fidelity of protein synthesis. OPTION D IS ANSWER