Question

To eliminate mRNAs devoid of a stop codon (these proteins can be damaging if allowed to be produced). Ribosome stalls at 3'-end of transcript, resulting in recruitment of Exosome. Degrade from 3 → 5.

A) Exosomal Decay
B) Nonsense-Mediated Decay (NMD)
C) Internal Decay
D) ARE-Mediated Decay

Answer 1

The process where ribosomes target and eliminate mRNAs lacking a stop codon, preventing the translation of potentially harmful proteins, is called Exosomal Decay. This degradation is performed by the Exosome complex, moving from the 3' to 5' direction of the mRNA.

Step-by-step explanation:

To address the question, the process by which ribosomes identify and eliminate mRNAs that are devoid of a stop codon is known as Exosomal Decay. This cellular mechanism ensures that defective mRNAs, which lack the necessary sequence to properly signal the end of translation, don't lead to the synthesis of potentially damaging proteins. In this process, when a ribosome stalls at the 3'-end of the mRNA due to the absence of a stop codon, the Exosome complex is recruited. The Exosome then degrades the mRNA molecule from the 3' to 5' direction, thus preventing the translation of this incomplete mRNA transcript.