Question

Step in mRNA translation involving the movement of the ribosome along mRNA (and translocation) and synthesis of all peptide bonds - with tRNAs bound to acceptor (A) and peptidyl (P) sites.

A. Elongation
B. Initiation
C. Termination
D. Transcription

Answer 1

In mRNA translation, the ribosome moves along the mRNA during the elongation phase, where tRNAs enter the A site and translocate to the P site as peptide bonds are formed, advancing the ribosome by three bases each step.

Step-by-step explanation:

The step in mRNA translation involving the ribosome moving along mRNA is known as the elongation phase. During this phase, charged transfer RNAs (tRNAs) enter the A site, form peptide bonds with the growing polypeptide chain and then translocate to the P site before exiting via the E site. Elongation incorporates steps that advance the ribosome three bases at a time in the 3' direction and requires energy which is often supplied in the form of GTP hydrolyzed by an elongation factor. This phase continues until the ribosome encounters a stop codon, signifying the end of the translation process.