Final answer:
b. Perspective projection is the method of representation used when accurate scale and a more realistic appearance are desired. It creates the illusion of depth and distance by using a vanishing point and converging lines.
Step-by-step explanation:
The method of representation used when accurate scale and a more realistic appearance are desired is b. Perspective projection. Perspective projection is a technique for representing three-dimensional space on a flat surface. It creates the illusion of depth and distance by using a vanishing point and lines that converge towards it.
Linear perspective is a specific type of perspective projection that utilizes orthogonals to create a realistic appearance. Objects that are farther away appear smaller and less distinct, while objects closer to the viewer appear larger and more detailed.
For example, in paintings of landscapes, artists often employ atmospheric perspective to give a sense of recession in space. Distant objects appear smaller, grayer, and less distinct, mimicking the bluish-gray qualities we see in the atmosphere.