Final answer:
A fatty acyl chain is saturated if it contains only single bonds, and unsaturated if it contains one or more double bonds. The correct answer is B. Saturated, unsaturated. Saturated fats have no double bonds, whereas unsaturated fats include monounsaturated (one double bond) and polyunsaturated (multiple double bonds) fatty acids.
Step-by-step explanation:
A fatty acyl chain is saturated if it contains only single bonds, but unsaturated if it has one or more double bonds. The correct answer to the given options is B.
Saturated, unsaturated. Saturated fatty acids have the maximum number of hydrogen atoms attached to their carbon skeleton and do not have any double bonds, which means they are 'saturated with hydrogen.
An example of a saturated fatty acid includes stearic acid. In contrast, unsaturated fatty acids contain one or more double bonds and, therefore, have fewer hydrogen atoms.
Oleic acid is an example of a monounsaturated fatty acid, which has one double bond, while linoleic acid, with two or more double bonds, is an example of a polyunsaturated fatty acid.