Final answer:
Maharaja Ranjit Singh's mother-in-law was Rani Sada Kaur, a key figure in expanding his domain. Art history also notes that figures like Nainsukh emphasized simplicity and meaning, which is a characteristic of Marwar school artists as well. The correct option is a.
Step-by-step explanation:
Maharaja Ranjit Singh's mother-in-law, who played a significant role in his life, was Rani Sada Kaur. She was instrumental in aiding Ranjit Singh to consolidate his power and establish the Sikh Empire.
Her guidance and leadership, particularly after the death of her husband, were pivotal in supporting Ranjit Singh's campaigns and political maneuvers.
The question about Guru Tegh Bahadur pertains to Sikh history, as he was the ninth Guru of Sikhism and was executed by the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb for refusing to convert to Islam.
In referencing Nainsukh's art style, it is notable that he focused on essential elements in the painting 'Raja Balwant Singh's Vision of Krishna and Radha', emphasizing meaning over background detail. Krishna and Radha are typically portrayed in bold colors, central to Nainsukh's composition.
Moreover, the description of 'Maharana Jagat Singh Hawks for Cranes' indicates a preference for simpler compositions among the Marwar school artists, similar to Nainsukh's approach, but with figures that often appear mechanical and are shown in profile. The correct option is a.