Final answer:
Ahmad Shah Durrani (Abdali) invaded India for the second time in 1757, which was part of his expansionist campaigns against the declining Mughal and growing Maratha empires.
Step-by-step explanation:
Ahmad Shah Durrani, also known as Abdali, invaded India for the second time in 1757. This invasion was a part of a series of raids initiated by Durrani in India during the mid-18th century. After the weakening of the Mughal Empire, the Maratha Empire had become a prominent power in India. Durrani sought to expand his territory by clashing with both the weakening Mughal and growing Maratha empires. Although the Mughal Empire struggled, it did occasionally repel invasions, similar to how it successfully defended against the Mongols during the Delhi Sultanate's rule. However, Durrani's invasions played a significant role in the diminishing of Mughal and Maratha power, which eventually facilitated European colonial powers like the British East India Company to establish stronger footholds in India.