Final answer:
Emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar died on November 7, 1862, marking the end of the Mughal dynasty. His predecessors influenced Indian history, such as Babur and Aurangzeb, the latter of whom executed Sikh leader Guru Tegh Bahadur.
Step-by-step explanation:
Emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar was the last Mughal emperor, and he passed away on November 7, 1862. This answer corresponds to option a. Bahadur Shah Zafar's death marked an end to the Mughal dynasty.
The legacy set forth by his predecessors, beginning with his great-great-grandfather Babur, who died in 1530, to Humayun, and so on, concluded with his passing following the Indian Rebellion of 1857. Bahadur Shah Zafar was exiled by the British to Rangoon, Burma (modern-day Yangon, Myanmar), where he died.
It is important to note that throughout the Mughal Empire's history, other Mughal emperors, such as Jahangir, Shah Jahan, and Aurangzeb, played pivotal roles in shaping Indian history and culture. For example, Aurangzeb is known for having executed Guru Tegh Bahadur, the ninth Guru of the Sikh religion, marking a significant event in Sikh history.