Final answer:
Subeg Singh and his son Shahbaz Singh became martyrs during the reign of Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb due to their refusal to renounce their Sikh faith. Their executions reflect the broader religious persecution of Sikhs under Aurangzeb's rule.
Step-by-step explanation:
Subeg Singh was a contractor with the government during the time of Mughal rule in India, under the reign of Emperor Aurangzeb. As a devout Sikh, he became embroiled in the political and religious turmoil of the period, specifically the Mughal persecution of the Sikhs. Emperor Aurangzeb had taken repressive measures against various religious communities, including the Sikh Gurus, who were the spiritual and temporal leaders of the Sikh community. The execution of Guru Tegh Bahadur, the ninth Sikh Guru, by Aurangzeb, heightened tensions and inspired a wave of resistance against Mughal authority amongst the Sikhs.
The martyrdom of Subeg Singh and his 15-year-old son, Shahbaz Singh, is a reflection of the cruel treatment of Sikhs under Aurangzeb. Both father and son refused to renounce their faith, leading to their execution. Their martyrdom is often remembered as a symbol of steadfastness in faith and resistance against religious persecution.