Final answer:
Bhai Maha Singh Ji was the leader of the 'Chaali' Mukte who fought for Guru Gobind Singh Ji at Muktsar. Guru Tegh Bahadur, who was executed by Aurangzeb, was a leader of the Sikh faith. Sikhism, founded by Guru Nanak Dev Ji, emerged as a distinct religion in the 15th century, combining elements of Hinduism and Islam while advocating for spiritual equality.
Step-by-step explanation:
The leader of the 'Chaali' (40) Mukte who fought for Guru Gobind Singh Ji in the Battle of Muktsar was Bhai Maha Singh Ji. This group of forty Sikhs, also known as the Forty Liberated Ones, initially abandoned Guru Gobind Singh Ji during a siege but later returned to fight alongside him, led by Bhai Maha Singh Ji, and redeemed themselves through their martyrdom.
The religion of Guru Tegh Bahadur, who was executed by Aurangzeb, was Sikhism. Guru Tegh Bahadur, the ninth of the ten Gurus of Sikhism, was a spiritual leader of the Sikhs and strongly opposed the forced conversions and religious persecution by the Mughal Empire under Aurangzeb's rule.
Sikhism is a monotheistic faith established in the 15th century in the Punjab region of northwest India. The founder of Sikhism, Guru Nanak Dev Ji, laid the foundation for a religion that was distinct from Hinduism and Islam, and preached equality and a direct connection to the divine without a priestly intermediary.