Final answer:
The system of safe passages and safe houses that allowed American slaves to escape to freedom in Canada was called the Underground Railroad. It was a network of secret routes and safe houses used by black slaves in the United States, with aid from abolitionists and sympathetic individuals. Between 30,000 and 100,000 slaves escaped to Canada via the Underground Railroad.
Step-by-step explanation:
The system of safe passages and safe houses that allowed American slaves to escape to freedom in Canada was called the Underground Railroad.
The Underground Railroad was a network of secret routes and safe houses used by nineteenth-century black slaves in the United States to escape to Northern free states and Canada with the aid of abolitionists and those sympathetic to their cause.
It operated between the Upper South and Canada, with well-organized networks in place. Abolitionists, including free people of color, White abolitionists, Quakers, and vigilance committees, played a crucial role in sheltering and aiding slave refugees along the routes.
Estimates suggest that between 30,000 and 100,000 slaves escaped to Canada via the Underground Railroad. The largest group settled in Upper Canada (Southern Ontario) where black Canadian communities developed. Discrimination was still common despite the colonies' abolition of slavery in 1834.