Final answer:
In the context of method overloading in programming, when the compiler determines the correct method to call at compile time by analyzing method signatures, it's referred to as static binding or early binding.
Step-by-step explanation:
When the compiler selects the correct overloaded method at compile time by comparing the methods' signatures, this process is known as static binding or early binding. This is because the method call is resolved at compile time rather than at runtime. Each method must have a unique signature consisting of the method name and the number and type of parameters, which the compiler uses to determine the exact method that should be called.