Question

List and briefly explain three major causes for mutation in DNA.

A) Exposure to UV radiation, DNA replication errors, and chemical mutagens.
B) Genetic drift, transcription errors, and environmental adaptation.
C) Chromosomal rearrangement, RNA synthesis errors, and oxidative stress.
D) Somatic mutations, spontaneous generation, and gene duplication.

Answer 1

The major causes of mutation in DNA are exposure to UV radiation, DNA replication errors, and chemical mutagens.

Step-by-step explanation:

The three major causes of mutation in DNA are:

1. Exposure to UV radiation: UV radiation from the sun or artificial sources can cause mutations by damaging the DNA structure. This can lead to alterations in the nucleotide sequence.
2. DNA replication errors: Mistakes can occur during the process of DNA replication, resulting in changes to the sequence of nucleotides.
3. Chemical mutagens: Chemical substances, such as certain industrial chemicals or tobacco smoke, can act as mutagens and cause DNA damage and mutations.