Final answer:
Michael Stonebraker invented transaction processing to make RDBS possible in 1976, ensuring ACID properties for database systems, and received the Turing Award in 1998 for his contributions to computer science.
Step-by-step explanation:
The individual who invented transaction processing to enable RDBS (Relational Database Systems) in 1976 and later received the Turing Award in 1998 is Michael Stonebraker. Stonebraker created Ingres, one of the first RDBMS to implement transaction processing with ACID properties, which stands for Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability. These properties ensure that database transactions are processed reliably and are a cornerstone of database theory. His achievement at the age of 54 represented a significant milestone in the development of modern computing technologies for data management.