Final answer:
Employees are more likely to accept even a difficult goal when they participate in the goal-setting process, reflecting Theory Y management, which posits that people are more satisfied with responsibility and involvement in their work goals.
Step-by-step explanation:
Allowing employees to participate in goal setting, rather than have their boss arbitrarily assign a goal, has an additional effect: each person is more likely to accept even a difficult goal. The correct answer is e. accept. This approach to management can be related to Theory Y, which suggests that people are more satisfied when given responsibility and want to take part in setting their own work goals, contrary to Theory X which assumes that people dislike work and avoid it. Engaging employees in the goal-setting process can lead to a higher level of commitment and motivation to achieve the goals, as they feel a sense of ownership and empowerment.