Final answer:
Herzberg's research focused on factors that lead to job satisfaction and dissatisfaction, identifying autonomy as a key element for overall satisfaction in a job. Organizational psychology is the subfield of I-O psychology that measures job satisfaction. Job satisfaction is typically measured through surveys using a Likert scale.
Step-by-step explanation:
Herzberg investigated the factors that contribute to job satisfaction and job dissatisfaction. This falls within the domain of organizational psychology, a subfield of I-O (Industrial-Organizational) psychology, which specifically measures job satisfaction. When it comes to assessing what leads to a fulfilling career, Herzberg's theory suggests that certain factors, known as hygiene factors, are associated with job dissatisfaction, while motivators are related to job satisfaction.
Autonomy is considered the most strongly predictive factor of overall job satisfaction. This was also supported by other researchers like Melvin Kohn, who found that control over one's work, involvement in decision-making, freedom from excessive oversight, and feeling integral to the outcome of the work were all important for feeling satisfied at a job.
Job satisfaction surveys often use a Likert scale to gauge employees' satisfaction levels, including questions on various aspects of their job to pinpoint specific elements that either contribute to or detract from their overall satisfaction. This could range from financial rewards and work content to relationships with colleagues and the ability to express creativity.