Final answer:
Topoisomerase helps relieve supercoiling pressure in DNA by making temporary cuts in the DNA structure, allowing for proper replication and maintenance of genome stability.
Step-by-step explanation:
The effect that a topoisomerase has upon DNA is to relieve the pressure that results from supercoiling by breaking and reforming DNA's phosphate backbone ahead of the replication fork. As DNA unwinds during replication, it naturally tends to supercoil, which if not resolved, could lead to tension and potential damage to the DNA molecule. Topoisomerase works by temporarily cutting the DNA molecule, allowing it to unwind or relax, and then rejoining the cut strands. This enzymatic activity is essential for proper DNA replication and overall genome stability.
Topoisomerase has the effect of relieving the pressure that results from supercoiling by breaking and reforming DNA's phosphate backbone ahead of the replication fork. This process helps to prevent DNA fragmentation and allows for proper unwinding and replication of DNA strands. Topoisomerases play a crucial role in ensuring the stability and integrity of DNA during replication.